Humanities Underground

A Whiff and a Whistle

HUG Speaks to Monika Kumar on her poem छुट्टियों में पेड़ों को भूल जाओ (During Absences, Abandon the Trees)  ___________________________ During Absences, Abandon the Trees Up on the first floor of the building As soon as I reach my office Tall trees I begin to touch.   No sooner do I touch them, I think I must keep my brain calm After all, we have not come to this world To feel good or bad about what people say   Still, every month, a day comes When I try to open my office door with my house-keys It entirely depends, how much during those days, I am pinned and pegged Meshed and merged in the world   After a break of three days Morning, and I enter my office Looking at the trees It comes to my mind During the break Not for once did I remember these trees The kadamb trees, one look at them And one feels there should be a limit to beauty, Had forgotten me I do not recall these trees during long absences Still it comforts me to think that they are, In changing climate, in deep attachment Greedy to swing on the edges of a breeze Frantic so, so rapt So still, restless so My trees informed me It is good to forget beauty Not to recall them during breaks Until the edge of untruth To come back and entreat love To touch again and again And say How could I stay away from you so long? To do significant things we have come to this world It is also an important task To lose oneself in the world Feel good and bad about what people say Destroy one’s solitariness So that one can rue later And practice imploration with the trees For their constancy   छुट्टियों में पेड़ों को भूल जाओ ईमारत के प्रथम तल पर बने अपने दफ्तर में पहुँचते ही ऊंचे पेड़ों का स्पर्श करती हूँ   इन्हें छूते ही विचार आता है मुझे दिमाग को ठंडा रखना चाहिए आखिर हम दुनिया में बातों का अच्छा बुरा मानने नहीं आए हैं   फिर भी माहवार ऐसे दिन आते हैं जब घर की चाभी से दफ्तर का ताला खोलने की कोशिश करती हूँ निर्भर करता है उन दिनों मैं कितना मिली जुली कैसे घुली मिली दुनिया में   तीन दिन के अवकाश के बाद मैं सुबह दफ्तर आई पेड़ों को देखकर ख़याल आया इन छुट्टियों में मुझे एक बार भी इन पेड़ों की याद नहीं आई कदंब के फूल जिन्हें देखकर लगता है इतना सुन्दर भी न हुआ करे कोई मुझे भूल गए थे   मुझे नहीं आते याद ये पेड़ लंबी छुट्टियों में फिर भी यहाँ लौट कर तस्सली करती हूँ कि वे हैं बदलते मौसम के साथ गहरे प्रेम में हवा के एक झोंके पर झूलने के लिए आतुर इतने कातर इतने भावुक जितने स्थिर उतने आकुल   मेरे पेड़ों ने कहा मुझसे अच्छा है सुन्दरता को भूल जाना छुट्टियों में उसे याद न करना झूठा लगने की हद तक लौट कर प्रेम जताना बार बार छूना और कहना कैसे रही मैं इतने दिन तुमसे दूर   दुनिया में बहुत काम करने आए हैं हम उस में यह भी ज़रूरी काम है दुनिया में खो जाना लोगो की बातों का अच्छा बुरा मानना नष्ट करना अपने एकांत को बाद में पछतावे के लिए और विनय करना पेड़ों से इसकी बहाली के लिए ___________________     Prasanta: Let me begin by referring to an entangled contrast that the poem builds up, by emphasizing a simultaneous and double hankering on our part—of a need to be part of this world and also practice a peculiar untying and disengagement.  What is unfolding here? Say, at the level of craft itself—this detached entanglement is brought sharply to us by a repetition and a reversal.   After all, we have not come to this world To feel good or bad about what people say   आखिर हम दुनिया में बातों का अच्छा बुरा मानने नहीं आए हैं   2.   To do significant things we have come to this world It is also an important task To lose oneself in the world Feel good and bad about what people say   दुनिया में बहुत काम करने आए हैं हम उस में यह भी ज़रूरी काम है दुनिया में खो जाना लोगो की बातों का अच्छा बुरा मानना We are simultaneously left to sense an ambivalent feeling, which is also at the heart of the poem; a certain mood and a thought develop. What should be the ‘self’s’ relationship to our belonging, our worldliness buffeted by its constant inbound turnings?   Monika: इसे किसी औपचारिक संवाद का हिस्सा बनाने के लिए नहीं लेकिन आपने कविता से जो एक थीम निकाला है, उस पर मैं कुछ और कहना चाहती हूँ. सच तो यह है प्रशांत कि न केवल हमारे दुनिया से संबंध कैसा हो, जिंदगी की अधिकतर चीज़ों को निरंतर सर्वेक्षण करते हुए मेरा मन ambivalent हो जाता  है आखिर कार. मुझे पता है इस तरह की अप्रोच से नॉन-क्मिटल की अवस्था भी आती है जो अंतत न्याय और सत्य के प्रश्न को अच्छे से अड्रैस नहीं कर पाती. यह उत्तराधुनिक्वाद की आलोचना भी है. पिछले दिनों मैं दलित साहित्य पढ़ रही थी, रोना आ रहा था वे कहानियां और कवितायेँ पढ़ कर हालाँकि उस साहित्य में आप मुख्धारा साहित्य की अपेक्षा लेकर रसास्वादन के लिए नहीं जा सकते, लेकिन यही उस साहित्य का ध्येय है की वह आपका उस आसपास घटित हो रहे जीवन से परिचय कराए जिसमें षड्यंत्र से किसी रस की गुंजाईश नहीं छोड़ी गई. पिछले कुछ वर्षों से मैं जातिवादी समाज की बदसूरती को और करीब से देखने की कोशिश कर रही हूँ जबकि दलित चिन्तक शायद ठीक कहते हैं कि इसे मैं केवल एक आउटसाइडर की तरह ही समझ सकती हूँ. मैं इस बारे में इलैक्ट्रोन मात्र भी ambivalent नहीं हूँ कि यह गलत, अन्यायपूर्ण और शर्मनाक है. मैक्रो और मैक्रो किसी भी स्तर से देखने से यह मुझे बेहद शर्मनाक लगता है. अपने घर और क्लास में मैं कोशिश करती हूँ

Great Literature Cannot Reach Half-Humans

  HUG interviews Anil Kumar Yadav _____________________________ HUG: What do you do?   Anil:  Mostly I live in the subconscious, or in semi consciousness, shall we say. Something silently keeps on happening in my head.  Not objective happening actually, but rather something is always ‘taking place’. And I am acutely aware of this drive. I am continually observing myself, as if in an out of body experience. I often have changed jobs or have not had stable jobs. So, I observe. May be there are three possible coordinates, each overlapping with the other. Not that these thoughts are all well formulated, but still— First there is an acute craving to find a new language. So that one can at least come somewhat closer to the real. But I keep on failing. My writing, its relevance, if any, seems to be only partial.  I do have a language of my own; I nurture a particular way of expression, my style, that is—but that does not mean that I have discovered a new vocabulary. I am unable to make any profound connection with the passing moments of our time. I am also being quartered by a piercing, devastating sense of dread. Every waking moment. Even while half asleep. How shall I put it! See, there are these two parts in my mind. Two sides, yes.  Each conspires and negates the other. Each will not allow the other to function at all. Not that these two sides are indignant with each other. They are not.  They are like childhood playmates-बाल-सखा . There is this negative side; it wanders. This is my imaginative side. The positive side of my mind, on the  other hand, keeps on thinking. It is driven by the worthy, necessary wishes of life. The third is about my non-faith in relations and friends. Particularly friends. Not that one needs friends in order to help solve things or to be by one’s side, during times difficult or joyous. That kind of sentimentality I have long let go. No, not that. But friends can actually sometimes invest in and refine one’s thought process.  By brainstorming along with you about life’s various issues, they give you a sense of perspective, or so I used to think.  But I have no faith in faith, none in relations—in love, friendship or relatives anymore. These not only work at a very superficial order of things, but the real point is that friends can never do anything about how you will actually deal with life or about your deepest concerns in life.  I am far more connected now with my feelings and thoughts as I have learned to navigate life on my own terms. You do not rely upon faith anymore. You live life. Period. I gradually began feeling that all my so called affective relationships have no investment whatsoever with my concerns, with truth, with my fantasies, and with life’s realties at all. These are the things I do.   HUG: What do you see?   Anil: This word mainstream has lost all connotations because the margin keeps on shifting and morphing continuously. All these debates about the mainstream and the margin are simply putrified and ossified into meaninglessness.  There are deep connivances. People that I see and work with are like gladiators, safeguarding and defending the interests of their emperors. I feel helpless and I can see this helplessness with utmost clarity. People like me are so beyond even the margins that even to remark or comment about politicians, corrupt godmen, criminals or the mafia raj seems to be meaningless. Such a small fry I am. The deep connect that the thinking, feeling class of people used to have with the local and the regional have just evaporated. Only the politicians are mostly connected with their constituencies, using that connection for their own ends. They will cry with you if your mother passes away, right?  But the artists and the thinking class have left their public sense of critical and irreverent attitude in order to cater to mere publicity. Forget bohemianism; the artists are not even connected to their mohalla. The ubiquity of the tentacles of such a culture that the medium allows and proliferates makes me see helplessness with an even greater sense of clarity.  All relationships are also part of the same change; they operate in flux. That is real.  In fiction or in a travelogue, you refract the different modes of this forlorn, paralyzed reality. This helpless predicament becomes most vivid when I feel that my language is unable to reach people.  I am a writer and I am unable to reach out with some serious concern or with some genuine humour to the people I write for? Just think of the level of vulnerability! One reason for that is my own limitation, I am sure. The other is that the levels of consciousness in my circle of readership are very very poor.  I can only talk about the Hindi language readership. But I suspect the malaise goes deeper and is endemic. My purported readers are materialistic, wooly and thick. And the levels of feelings have gone numb. I am particularly thinking of the lower middle class, the poor and the half-humans.  They do not see or hear. Their senses are numb. They have been made numb.  They are destined to remain confused.  See, for generations they have not had adequate food, shelter, education. And it is not just about economic exploitation. There is this rich exploitation in the name of religion or caste. Have you seen lower middle class folks carefully? Their gait and height and body weight? They are dwarfs.  Great literature cannot reach half-humans. No sir.  What finer aesthetic qualities are we talking about? Shall I then dumb down my own capabilities?  That means I am sacrificing life and art in order to do some kind of penance, right, for being born in such situations in the subcontinent?So, I only observe these half-humans—sometimes with compassion, but often with disgust

Set Your Inner Deities and Demons Free

  Shobhan Som interviews Ramkinkar Baij [Translation: HUG]   Shobhan: Kinkarda—how does one learn painting and artistry?   Ramkinkar: First, you must learn how to observe. Your eyes and mind must be open and agile. This exquisite and brimming world of rupa wishes to witness her maya’s pratirupa through you.  That pratirupa is your painting or sketch.  The basic ways of artistry are line, tone, colour and texture. You create form with the help of these tools. These are like the alphabets of art—a, b, c, d. When spectators look at an art object, they perceive rupa, mediated through these elements. The sense of line, tone, colour and texture are present right within nature. The way to learn painting is to relate your power of observation to these basic alphabetical tools. If you are able to see correctly, then you will also be able to show it so.   Shobhan: The students of art school learn artistry by observing live models sitting at close quarters. You do not make such models sit in your class. But ask students to create from life itself.   Ramkinkar: Placing an inert human being in front of you and life itself are not the same thing. You cannot find life in self-conscious and tentative possibilities. Life is dynamic. Life resides in naturalness. One has to see the ease with which life moves; your job is to catch a glimpse of that, feel how the life force throbs. As an artist dynamism should propel you. If you cannot, if you make mistakes, watch life again and once again. Try to analyze where the error is being committed. Draw again, create one more time. Painting cannot be a copy of anatomy. Copying inert life in toto makes no art object, no sculpture.   Shobhan: In your classes on sculpting clay-model busts, instead of providing us with a common model, you have asked us to observe each other and sculpt the busts. Why this?   Ramkinkar: In case of creating human busts, one has to feel and observe the subject from every angle, in the round, not in relief.  You all, my students, have for years in the past not only seen each other’s physical features, but have known each other deeply too. In such art one not only needs to respect the rules of verisimilitude but must bring forth and reveal the inner traits of an individual. Not just frontally; you have to capture the person from every angle. In the atelier, as you place the clay on the whirling-couch and move about, you can see each other from every side.  And as you look at each other, the inner deities and demons of the other will become sharper and clearer by the very touch of your fingers on the clay. You will know your subject deeply, begin to feel his presence. Such dynamic, intimate observation and detailing is impossible if an inert model is placed in front of you.   Shobhan: There are issues of measurement and estimation. Can we use calipers?   Ramkinkar: Minimize the use of calipers as much as possible. Get a sense of the countenance and profile of the subject.  The physical tool will give you accuracy but art is not about accuracy. Use your eyes for calculating proportion. Do use machines only when there is any scope for doubt. Or else do not. Your eyes need to be trained into this sense of assessment.   Another thing, if you observe carefully you shall see that the two eyes of a human are not exactly the same. The face is slightly asymmetrical. This is most evident if you look at the two sides of the nose, cheeks and ears. Whenever you indulge in the art of portraiture, give special attention to this aspect.  (He looks at a scroll painting being mounted badly and yells with a start). What is that, how…?   Shobhan: Why Kinkarda?   Ramkinkar:  Eh, you have dressed the princess with a gamchha! Mounting is an essential part of painting. Just like the dignity of the princess is diminished if clothed in a gamchha, so also one cannot present a picture in any which way. Even a good picture gets a raw deal if not mounted properly. The painting is incomplete until mounted.  It is not about expensive mounting. Have you not seen those ornate, foreign frames? One is not sure whether to look at the painting or the frame! Good mountings reveal the painting, not curb its potential. Gaganbabu (Gaganendranath Tagore) revolutionized things by putting a premium on neat mountings once he watched the Japanese. The top of the painting and the two sides must have equal measurement and the bottom one and a half times to that—this is how cut-mounting works.  Frame ought to be thin, with a certain economy, and stark. Mashtarmashai (Nandalal Bose) has conducted lot of experiments with mountings.   Shobhan: What is abstract art? What is its objective?   Ramkinkar: Some art puts a premium on description, others instead of mimesis, endeavor to capture the inner lyric of the subject matter. Just like in music. One cannot copy the rupa of music. One cannot copy a cuckoo and papiya in order to catch the musical sense of the season of spring. One must feel the season and set out to create the form of spring in music. That is how the ragas are shaped, or are set free actually. One is only then able to catch a glimpse of the aseem within our finitude. Abstract art is the harnessed music of our feelings about the great outdoors. There is a deeper symmetry in all successful abstract art. The rhythm of the lines shall sing aloud. Listen deeply to our classical music and feel the strains—you shall realize how abstraction plays out. And its objective will become clearer to you.  Tradition and abstraction are not always at loggerheads.   Shobhan: But when one of our students works on some abstract form, you smash and

Restlessness, Structural Degeneration and Dialogic Possibilities in Contemporary Hindi Poetry: Asad Zaidi, Manmohan and Shubha

HumanitiesUnderground had, in March of 2016, initiated a discussion on contemporary Hindi poetry in Benaras, with a group of poets who are composing and thinking right now about the intricacies of the poetic art. In a free flowing discussion, we spoke of contemporary poetry’s current and changing contours, its entrenched legacies and future possibilities, as also the reading dynamics emerging from new reading publics. This is the second installment, where a different set of poets writing since the 1970s, engage with similar questions and concerns. Asad Zaidi, Manmohan and Shubha, have witnessed momentous political, social changes in the subcontinent and have borne these in their poetry. As they continue to compose art work, they reflect on the markers of contemporary poetic universe in Hindi, bringing to the discussion, some very definite and definitive viewpoints on the relationship between art and social practice. In these recordings, they also raise significant questions about forms of memorialization and ritualistic gestures in a changed political clime, and how these could mediate trajectories in the future. Are we sufficiently grappling with the moral vacuity, aesthetic stasis, the weakening of solidarities and lack of scrutinizing dialogue/commentary in poetry writing? And finally, there is here, a genuine wish and call for a greater, more robust communication with the younger generation of poets, crucial to the forging of collective struggles against artistic crassness, self aggrandizing egotism and the reactionary tendencies rife in both politics and the lived life. This is an ongoing debate. HUG wishes to carry and trail this thread in the future too, through other new and fresh interactive sessions. HUG thanks Rajkumar Kumar for his valuable help with the editing of the video and other suggestions. Here is the link. Please use speakers or headphones : adminhumanitiesunderground.org